Montreal Steak Chicken & Broccoli

The original version of this recipe featured venison or beef and is still available to Red Meat Foodies by clicking HERE. I found it works quite well with chicken too, especially that healthy white meat. Comfort food for sure... Earthy flavors and textures that will delight!

Something to point out here, following my blog's intent of creating good meals especially for diabetics, is that pearled barley should be our go-to grain with a GI of around 35 (low) when cooked. In comparison, brown rice comes in at 50 (medium) and white rice at 89 (high).

Okay... let's cook!

Ingredients:

• 1 lb chicken tenders cut into bite size strips
• 2 tsp McCormick's Montreal Steak Seasoning
• 1 cup pearl barley (substitute low sodium chicken broth for water)
• 1 large yellow onion - cut up
• 6 baby portobello mushrooms - sliced
• 2 cups broccoli florets cut into small florets
• salt to taste
• olive oil

Preparation:

Start off by placing the chicken in a standard salt brine for about an hour. Rinse the chicken and set aside.

Continue on by thoroughly rinsing the barley and then cooking it according to package instructions - this usually takes about 45 minutes on a low boil. Use low sodium chicken broth instead of water for more flavor. While the barley is cooking we'll get everything else ready.

Next cut up the meat into bite size strips and toss with the Montreal Steak Seasoning.

Cut up the onion, mushrooms and broccoli florets and heat some olive oil in a non-stick Dutch oven. Have everything ready and start when the barley is just about done as the actual cook is a pretty quick process.

Sautee the onions first. As their edges just start to brown, add the mushrooms. Once the mushrooms are tender (~1 min) add the broccoli and sautee until cooked but still crunchy (~1 min). Scoop out mixture and set aside, covered.

Add a splash of oil to the Dutch oven and sear the meat with a high flame and a continuous toss. With the pieces being relatively small be sure you get a nice color without overcooking.

Finally add the onion, mushroom & broccoli mix and toss over low heat. Once blended add the cooked barley and carefully mix it all together. Alternatively serve the barley as a side, but personally I prefer the full blend. ENJOY!

Serves 3 - 4

Blessed be... and happy cooking!

Weekend Ramble: Red Meat Consumption and Diabetes

As you may or may not know by now, on recommendation from my current cardiologist I have given up roughly 95% of my red meat intake. My labs have improved immensely, so I am glad I listened to him. My change was largely heart related, but in this article by scientists at Michigan State University research studies are showing that the type of meat as well as how it is prepared can have an affect on diabetes factors. No... I am not preaching. Instead I am sharing information I found to be intriguing enough to maybe benefit my fellow diabetics.

Red Meat Consumption and Your Risk of Diabetes

Laura Anderson, Michigan State University Extension - December 12, 2022

Cooking meat properly, along with substituting other proteins, can help to reduce your risk of type 2 diabetes.

For many, meat is considered a staple in the diet and may be the main dish with other foods added as sides. This is known typically as a “Western-based” diet. Meat provides our bodies with a good source of protein and can be prepared in a multitude of ways including baking, frying, grilling and broiling. With creativity, meat can take on many different flavors and textures from spicy and tangy to blackened and charred. But does meat consumption increase our risk for diabetes?

A study conducted in 2014 and published through the National Institute of Health (NIH), followed multiple cohorts of men and women for over two decades collecting data related to their consumption of meat, which included red meat, processed meat and chicken. There are several ways that meat consumption may contribute to diabetes. According to researchers, the nitrates and preservatives in processed meats can damage cells in the pancreas which are involved in insulin production. Red meat contains a high amount of “heme” iron, which can contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation. This study concluded that the consumption of meat is consistently associated with an increased risk of diabetes.

A recent study conducted in 2018, through the Harvard School of Public Health, found that the way red meats are cooked is consistent with the risk of diabetes in a person. Based on data from over 289,000 adults followed for 12 to 16 years, researchers found that there was 1.5 times more opportunity for type 2 diabetes when red meats, chicken and processed meats were eaten after being cooked at high temperatures. This high temperature cooking method is representative of charring the food through grilling and open-fire cooking. This was compared to people that ate meat cooked until lightly browned. The exact reason for the increase is unclear but researchers cite that the chemicals produced from charring could cause an inflammatory effect in the body affecting insulin production and usage. The fact that there was an increased risk of weight gain and obesity from eating foods cooked at high temperatures also may contribute to increase the diabetes risk.

Red meat is generally classified as meat with higher myoglobin levels and is mostly found in four-legged mammals like cattle, pig, lamb, horse and goat. Red meat generally contains higher levels of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol which contribute to cardiovascular disease.

Should you cut meat from your diet if I you are at risk or have type 2 diabetes? According to the American Diabetes Association, decreasing the amount of red meat and processed meat in your diet because of the higher saturated fat and salt amounts is recommended. Try to choose the leanest variety of these meats if you decide to consume them. Include poultry, fish and seafood and don’t forget about non-protein choices like dried beans. Remember, to read food labels for carbohydrate content. Incorporating physical activity on a regular basis is also a great choice to reduce the risk of and manage type 2 diabetes.

For more information on managing diabetes, visit MSU Extension's Diabetes website.

This article was published by Michigan State University Extension. For more information, visit https://extension.msu.edu. To have a digest of information delivered straight to your email inbox, visit https://extension.msu.edu/newsletters. To contact an expert in your area, visit https://extension.msu.edu/experts, or call 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464). 

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Have a great week, everyone, and thank you for your support!

Blessed be… and happy cooking!

                                                            Chef Michael R

Borani Banjan (Afghan Eggplant in Yogurt)

 

Credit for this dish goes to the New York Times

Traditionally in Afghan-style borani banjan, an appetizer or vegetable side, eggplant slices are soaked in salted water for 20 to 30 minutes, drained and dried, then simmered in a spiced tomato sauce before being served in layers of garlicky yogurt.

This version significantly simplifies the preparation in the interest of time without compromising its appeal: varied flavors and textures from crispy, caramelized eggplant; creamy, garlicky yogurt; sweet and sour tomatoes; and juicy, bright pomegranate seeds. No soaking or simmering here, just quick pan-frying and layering for the same effect in about 30 minutes.

Ingredients:  

• 1 cup full-fat Greek or Indian yogurt 
• 1 garlic clove - smash minced 
• Salt 
• 1/2 to 1 cup vegetable oil 
• 4 Japanese or Indian eggplants, or 1 globe eggplant, cut into ¼-inch-thick rounds
• 3 plum tomatoes - chopped 
• 1/2 tsp Kashmiri or other red chili powder (optional) 
• 2 tbsp pomegranate seeds - if available
• 4 to 6 small mint leaves 

Preparation:

In a bowl, mix the yogurt, garlic, ½ tsp salt and 2 tbsp water. Place in the fridge to chill and develop garlicky flavor.

Line a tray or large plate with paper towels. In a large frying pan, heat 1/1/2 cup oil on high. The eggplant slices should be submerged about halfway in the oil while frying. When the oil is heated, about 1 minute, add the eggplant slices in a single layer, and fry 1 to 2 minutes on each side, working in batches to avoid overcrowding and adding oil between batches as necessary. When the eggplant starts to caramelize and turn brown, transfer to the prepared tray or plate. Pat dry with a paper towel or clean kitchen towel to remove any excess oil and to preserve the eggplant’s crisp texture. Season with salt as desired.

To the same pan, add tomatoes, 1/2 tsp salt, 2 tbsp water and chile powder, if using. Cook on medium high until the tomatoes start to break down, about 5 minutes.

To serve, spread the yogurt in a single layer in a large shallow dish. Add the eggplant in a single layer on top, and then scatter the tomato over the eggplant. Finish with pomegranate seeds and mint.

Blessed be… and happy cooking!

Tuscan Salmon

Sometimes it's okay to splurge. Some people will call it cheating, but I prefer to call this type of meal a well deserved treat. This Tuscan Salmon, originally inspired by a recipe found on eatwell101.com, does have things we usually avoid, like heavy cream, cheese and butter, but trust me when I tell you there will be no regrets! :-)

Just don't make it every week... and practice portion control! :-)

Ingredients:

• 3-4 6oz salmon fillets
• 2 teaspoons olive oil ( I use the olive oil from the sun-dried tomato jar)
• 2 tablespoons butter
• 5 cloves garlic, finely diced
• 1 small yellow onion, diced
• 1/3 cup (80ml) vegetable broth (white wine works well, too)
• 1 7.5oz jar sun-dried tomato in oil, drained and cut up to bites of your choosing
• 1 3/4 cups heavy cream
• Salt and pepper, to taste
• 3 cups baby spinach leaves
• 1/2 cup grated Parmesan

Preparation:

Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Season the salmon filets on both sides with salt and pepper, and sear in the hot pan, flesh-side down first, for 5 minutes on each side, or until cooked to your liking. Once salmon filets are cooked, remove from the pan and set aside.

In the same pan, melt the butter in the remaining cooking juices leftover. Add in the garlic and fry until fragrant (about one minute). Add onion and stir fry until translucent. Add the sun-dried tomatoes and fry for 1-2 minutes so they release their flavors. Finally, pour in the vegetable broth, and allow the sauce to reduce down slightly.

Reduce heat to low, add the heavy cream, and bring to a gentle simmer, while stirring occasionally. Season the cream sauce with salt and pepper to your taste. Add in the baby spinach and allow to wilt in the sauce, and add in the parmesan cheese. Allow cream sauce to simmer for a further minute until cheese melts through.

Add the grilled salmon filets back into the pan and spoon the sauce over each filet. Serve with a green vegetable and a barley of your choice.

Blessed be... and happy cooking!

Steak Salad with Orange

Credit for this protein-rich salad goes to the ADA's Diabetes Food Hub

This steak salad with oranges is a refreshing and vibrant dish that combines the rich flavors of flatiron steak with the citrusy sweetness of oranges.

Ingredients:

• 15 oz sirloin steak (sliced into 1/2 inch thick slices, all visible fat removed)

• 2 tbsp olive oil (divided)

• 2 tbsp balsamic vinegar

• 2 cloves garlic (minced)

• 1 tsp dried rosemary

• 1 tsp Kosher Salt

• 1/2 tsp black pepper

• 8 cups baby spinach

• 2 whole oranges (segmented)

• 1/2 small red onion (sliced)

• 1/2 cup shelled edamame

• 1/3 cup balsamic vinegar (for the dressing)

• 1 tbsp Dijon Mustard (for the dressing)

• 1 clove garlic (minced, for the dressing)

• 1 tsp honey (for the dressing)

• 1/4 cup Extra Virgin Olive Oil (for the dressing)

• 1/2 tsp Kosher Salt (for the dressing)

• Crumbled feta and/or crushed walnut as optional garnish

Preparation:

In a bowl, whisk together two tablespoons olive oil, balsamic vinegar, minced garlic, dried rosemary, kosher salt, and black pepper to create the steak marinade.

Place the steak in a shallow dish and pour the marinade over it. Ensure the steak is coated evenly.

Let the steak marinate in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes.

While the steak marinates, make the dressing. In a small bowl, whisk the balsamic vinegar, mustard, garlic, honey, and seasoning. Continue whisking and slowly add the olive oil and whisk until the dressing is emulsified.

Preheat the grill to high heat and heat the remaining one tablespoon of oil.

Remove the steak from the marinade and cook for approximately 4–5 minutes.

In a large salad bowl, combine spinach, oranges, red onions, and edamame. Drizzle half the dressing on the salad and toss to coat. (Reserve remaining dressing for another use.)

Arrange the steak on top of the salad and add some crumbled feta and/or crushed walnuts for a next level flavor sensation.

Blessed be… and happy cooking!

Grilled Salmon with Mango and Tomato Salsa

Credit for this dish goes to the ADA's Diabetes Food Hub

Mango and other fruit can add a slight sweetness to any salsa. It works particularly well with this slightly spicy salmon dish. Grilling salmon fillets with the skin on makes them easier to flip and helps prevent sticking. Oiling your grill grates can also prevent sticking. Use cooking spray for the easy button. :-)

You could also cook the salmon in the oven: Preheat oven to 400 degrees and bake the salmon in a shallow baking pan for about 9 minutes or until cooked through.

 Ingredients:

• 1 tbsp chili powder
• 1 tbsp cumin
• 1/4 tsp garlic powder
• 1/4 tsp ground cinnamon
• 1/4 tsp salt
• 1 1/2 lbs salmon with skin on - cut into four 6-oz filets
• Cooking spray for grill
• 1 1/2 cup diced mango
• 1 1/2 cup diced tomatoes
• 1 lemon - juiced, divided use
• 1/2 cup chopped fresh cilantro or basil

Preparation:

Preheat the grill to medium high heat.

In a small bowl, combine chili powder, cumin, garlic powder, cinnamon, and salt. Sprinkle the spice mixture evenly over the salmon fillets.

Lightly oil the grill grates with the canola oil. Place the salmon on the grill, skin side down. Cook uncovered for 7 to 8 minutes, turning halfway through. The salmon is done when it flakes easily with a fork.

While salmon is cooking, combine mango, tomatoes, cilantro, and half of the lemon juice in a medium bowl.

Remove salmon from grill and spritz with remaining lemon juice. Divide the salsa among the filets and serve.

Blessed be... and happy cooking!

Chef Michael's Lima Bean Medley

 

One of my rainy day experiments turned out to be a very nutritious dish with fair amount of protein, anti-oxidants and other stuff that’s good for you. 😊 Use stand-alone or as a side or even as a snack. A half recipe is plenty for two people as a side dish with some left over.

Ingredients:

·       16 oz frozen baby lima beans

·       10 oz baby portobello mushrooms - sliced

·       2 lge yellow onions – cut up to your liking

·       2 tbsp olive oil

·       Salt & pepper to taste

 

Preparation:

Cook the lima beans per pkg instructions and set aside.

In a non-stick Dutch oven , or large skillet, saute the onions over medium heat until just translucent.

Add the mushrooms and continue to cook until mushrooms are soft.

Add cooked lima beans and season with salt & pepper. Give it all a good toss and serve.

Lima Bean Medley paired with BBQ chicken and German Cucumber Salad

Blessed be... and happy cooking!

Skillet Zucchini & Mushrooms with Chickpeas

This dish was adapted from Vera Beach's recipe Skillet Zucchini & Mushrooms. I changed up the process a tad and added roasted chickpeas to include a good protein. The result is a very good, balanced meal that is just perfect for us diabetics. Enjoy!

Ingredients:

• 2 tbsp olive oil
• 1 tsp avocado oil
• 3 tbsp butter, divided
• ~1.25  lbs zucchini - cut into bite size slices
• 1 can (15.5 oz) chickpeas
• salt and pepper to taste
• 1 yellow onion - minced
• 1 lb white mushrooms - halved or quartered depending on size
• 3 to 4 cloves garlic - smash minced
• 1 tsp dried oregano
• ¼ cup vegetable broth
• chopped fresh parsley for garnish
• grated parmesan for a light garnish - optional

Preparation:

Heat the avocado oil and 1 tbsp butter in a fry pan over medium heat. Drain the chickpeas and add to pan. Season with a touch of S&P. Toss frequently until chickpeas develop a little color, about 5 min should do it. Remove chickpeas from pan and set aside.

Add olive oil and 1 tbsp butter to a large skillet and set to medium-high heat. Add zucchini slices to the hot oil, season with S&P and cook for ~4 minutes until just tender. Remove zucchini from skillet and set aside.

Return skillet to the burner and add remaining butter; melt butter over medium-high heat. Stir in the onions and garlic and cook for 2 minutes, or until just softened.

Add mushrooms and cook for ~7 minutes, or until just tender and lightly browned. Stir occasionally.

Stir in the oregano and cook for 20-30 seconds.

Return zucchini to the skillet and mix with the mushrooms; cook for 1 minute, or until heated through.

Pour in the vegetable broth and add the chickpeas. Cook for two more minutes for even temperatures throughout. Taste for S&P and adjust as needed.

Remove skillet from heat. Sprinkle with parsley and parmesan and serve.

Blessed be... and happy cooking!

Weekend Ramble: Vegetarian & Plant Based Eating

I'm not gonna lie... I'm not a huge fan of plant based eating as I firmly believe I was born a carnivore. I do, however, respect people's choices regarding healthy foods and I have even been known to embrace some vegetarian dishes as they cross my path. Since my audience is global, I thought I should do at least one Ramble on the subject.

To that end, here is a very good article originally published by Beth Israel Lahey Health's Joslin Diabetes Learning Center

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Vegetarian and Plant Based Eating

Joslin Education Team - March 29, 2022

A plant-based diet consists of mostly whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes (pulses), unsalted nuts, and healthy oils such as olive oil or canola oil. Meat, fish, poultry, and other animal products are included but eaten less often and only in small portions. A vegetarian diet eliminates meat, fish, or poultry or any foods that contain animal protein. It includes whole grains, legumes (pulses), nuts, seeds, vegetables and fruits with or without the use of dairy products and eggs.

There are several different types of a vegetarian diet:

• Semi-vegetarian: Does not eat red meat(s), but occasionally eats fish or poultry and dairy products. Semi-vegetarians are often people who are making a transition to a vegetarian diet.
• Lacto-ovo vegetarian: Eats milk, dairy products and eggs but not meat, fish or poultry.
• Lacto-vegetarian: Eats milk and other dairy products but not meat, fish, poultry or eggs.
• Pescetarian: Eats a diet of fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes and includes fish. They may or may not eat eggs and dairy
• Vegan: Do not eat any animal products (meat, fish, poultry, eggs or dairy foods). A vegan eats only plant-based foods.
• Raw Vegan: Eats only plant foods; including vegetables, fruit, nuts and seeds, legumes (dried beans, peas, and lentils), and sprouted grains. The majority of the food is uncooked varying from 75% to 100%.

Can people with diabetes follow a vegetarian or plant-based diet?

Research shows the many benefits of omega-3 fatty acids. They may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease, improve cognitive function and vision, and act as an anti-inflammatory agent in the body. The primary sources of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet are fish, organ meats, and DHA-enriched foods such as eggs. Based on these food sources, vegetarians may not get enough omega-3 fatty acids in their diet. Adding some plant-based omega-3 rich foods can help the vegetarian meets their needs.

What are the health benefits?

There are many reasons why people choose to follow a vegetarian or a plant-based diet, including financial reasons, ethical, environmental concerns and religious beliefs. Some people make the change for health reasons, as well. Vegetarian and plant-based eating may help reduce the risk of:

• Cancer
• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• High blood pressure
• Kidney disease
• Obesity

Yes. They can be higher in carbohydrates and lower in protein than meat-based diets, so glucose levels may be affected. As a result, your healthcare provider may need to change the amount or type of your diabetes medicine. Anyone interested in changing to vegetarian or plant-based eating, including people with diabetes, should work with a dietitian to make sure they are meeting their nutritional needs.

Is vegetarian/plant-based eating nutritionally adequate?

A well-planned vegetarian/plant-based diet can be healthful and nutritionally adequate. Keep in mind that the more restricted the diet, the greater the chance of a nutritional deficiency. Below are some considerations.

Protein:

Vegetarian/plant-based diet(s) can provide an adequate amount of protein as long as you eat a variety of foods and consume adequate protein sources. Protein is made up of amino acids, nine of which are called essential amino acids. Animal foods contain all of the essential amino acids, whereas plant foods are missing one or two. However, if you eat a variety of plant foods, you will get all nine essential amino acids.

Sources of Plant Protein:

Legumes (Pulses)

Legumes include dry beans, peas, and lentils. They are an excellent food to extend or replace meat. Legumes are low cost, high in nutritive value, and contribute iron, B vitamins, and fiber to your diet. They are not a complete protein, because they do not contain all of the essential amino acids the body needs. When combined with a variety of other plant-based foods throughout the week, legumes can become valuable protein sources in your diet. Legumes may be purchased dry or canned. Dry legumes tend to be less expensive

Dry Beans: Rich in protein, iron, calcium, phosphorus and potassium. There are many varieties of dry beans including black beans, garbanzo beans (also called chickpeas), kidney beans, lima beans, navy beans and pinto beans.

Dry Peas: Good sources of protein, iron, potassium and thiamin. They are green or yellow and can be purchased split or whole.

Lentils: They are rich in protein, iron, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. They are small disc-shaped legumes; they can be brown, yellow or red.

Soy Products: Soy products include tofu, soymilk, tempeh and other products. They are derived from soybeans, a rich source of plant-based protein. Protein in soybeans contains as much complete protein as meat and are a good source of B vitamins and essential fatty acids, including some omega-3s. Soy foods are typically low in unhealthy fats (saturated/trans) and are cholesterol-free. They also contain isoflavones which may help lower the risk of some chronic diseases.

Soybean: A legume, which is an excellent, inexpensive source of protein and iron. Soybeans can be eaten in their whole form and, but are also used to make a number of vegetarian substitutions for meat, dairy, and eggs.

Soy cheese: A cheese-like product made from soybeans. They come in a variety of flavors such as parmesan, mozzarella and cheddar. Not all soy cheeses are vegan; some contain the milk protein casein.

Soymilk: A milk-like product made from soybeans, with a similar amount of protein and less fat than cow’s milk. Not all soymilks are vegan as some contain the milk protein casein. Fortified soymilks have calcium and vitamin D added.

Tempeh: Made from fermented soybeans and other grains, tempeh is a replacement for meat.

Textured Soy Protein (TSP): Commonly used as a substitute for ground beef; TSP is derived from soy flour.

Tofu: Made from curdled soymilk and pressed into blocks. It can be used as a replacement for meat, eggs and cheese and can be eaten fresh or cooked in many different ways. Tofu is an excellent source of protein. Types and suggestions of how to use tofu:

• Extra-firm tofu: frying, roasting, grilling or marinating
• Firm tofu: stir-frying, boiling or use as a filling
• Soft tofu: pureeing
• Silken tofu: pureeing, simmering, egg substitution, used in vegan desserts and smoothies

Nuts and Seeds:

Nuts and seeds are some of the best plant sources of protein. They are rich in fiber, folic acid, potassium, antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) and phytochemicals as well. Nuts are high in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega 3 fatty acids. Because nuts and seeds are high in fat, portions should be limited.

• Tree nuts: Includes almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts.
• Seeds: Includes pumpkin, sesame, sunflower, chia and flaxseed.
• Nut Butters: Peanut butter is the most popular but other nuts and seeds make butter: sunflower, almond, cashew, hazelnut and soy.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Sources of Omega-3 foods:

• Flaxseed
• Chia seeds
• Hemp seeds
• Walnuts
• Canola oil
• Soy
• Some soymilks and breakfast bars

Iron:

Plant foods contain a different form of iron than animal foods, called non-heme iron. Non-heme iron is not as well absorbed as heme iron. Non-heme iron will be better absorbed if eaten along with foods that contain vitamin C, or by cooking foods in cast-iron pots and pans. The daily recommendation for iron intake is 1.8 times higher for vegetarians than those who eat meat. For most vegetarians, an iron supplement is recommended to help meet iron requirements.

Sources of iron:

• Bran flakes cereal Pumpkin seeds Instant oatmeal Dried beans/peas Fortified cereals Tofu
• Sea vegetables Textured vegetable protein

Sources of vitamin C:

• Cantaloupe 
• Strawberries
• Honeydew melon 
• Broccoli
• Citrus fruits 
• Green peppers
• Kiwi 
• Tomatoes
• Papaya 
• Brussels sprouts

Zinc:

As with iron, zinc is a mineral that is present in plant foods but better absorbed from animal sources. As a result, some vegetarians can have lower concentrations of zinc than non-vegetarian diets. Most vegetarians still have levels within the normal range. True zinc deficiencies are rare in Western civilizations. Including foods rich in zinc can help the vegetarian maintain adequate levels of zinc in their body. Like iron, zinc can be better absorbed when eaten in combination with vitamin C-rich foods. (See list above)

Sources of Zinc:

• Legumes
• Grains
• Cheese
• Nuts

Vitamin B-12:

Vitamin B-12 is found mainly in animal foods. Some plant foods contain vitamin B-12, but not in a usable form. A lacto-ovo or lacto-vegetarian diet will provide adequate amounts of vitamin B-12. Certain foods are fortified with vitamin B-12, such as some breakfast cereals, soymilk and meat substitutes. If you are a vegan, you must either make sure you eat these fortified foods, or take a B-12 supplement.

Sources of Vitamin B-12:

• Fortified cereals 
• Eggs
• Brewer’s yeast Milk and milk products
• Fortified meat substitutes 
• Fortified soy milk

Calcium:

A lacto-ovo vegetarian diet generally is adequate in calcium. A vegan diet tends to provide lower amounts of calcium, although, with careful planning, a vegan diet can supply enough calcium. Your dietitian may recommend a calcium supplement if you can’t meet your calcium needs through food sources.

Note: Calcium decreases the absorption of iron. If taking supplemental calcium or iron, take them at separate times of the day.

Sources of calcium:

• Milk and milk products 
• Legumes
• Fortified soy milk 
• Collard greens
• Tofu (made with calcium) 
• Turnip greens
• Fortified orange juice 
• Kale

Vitamin D:

Vegan diets may be low in vitamin D, since cow’s milk is the most common source of this vitamin. However, if you follow a vegan diet, you can get enough vitamin D from fortified cereals and fortified milk alternatives. Unprotected exposure to sunlight (hands and arms) for 15-20 minutes a day can also supply adequate vitamin D. Some people may need a vitamin D supplement. Your dietitian may recommend supplemental vitamin D if your diet is deficient and/or your vitamin D level is low.

Sources of vitamin D:

• Fortified cereals 
• Fortified soy milk
• Milk
• Sunlight

Getting started with vegetarian/plant-based meal planning

Choose a variety of foods, including whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, and, if desired, dairy products and eggs.

Try gradually decreasing the amount of animal protein to allow time to adjust to a vegetarian/plant-based diet.

Substitute soy products (tofu, meat substitutes) and legumes for meat, poultry and fish.

If you use milk products and eggs, choose lower-fat versions of these foods, such as skim or 1% milk and yogurt, and egg whites or egg substitutes.

If you are following a vegan diet, be sure to include a regular source of vitamin B-12 in your diet along with a source of vitamin D if sun exposure is limited. Supplements are often required to meet nutrient needs.

Use fats sparingly; choose unsaturated fats, such as olive, canola and peanut oils, nuts and seeds, instead of saturated fats, such as butter, margarine and cream cheese.

Limit your intake of high-fat foods, such as cheeses, whole milk, nuts, seeds, avocados and oils, especially if you are trying to lose weight.

Be sure to count the carbohydrates in foods – many vegetarian diets can be very high in carbohydrates. Keep your carbohydrate intake consistent and read food labels carefully for their carbohydrate content.

It is important to monitor your glucose regularly if you are changing to a vegetarian diet/plant-based diet. Your diabetes medication or insulin dose may need to be adjusted, especially if you are eating more carbohydrates than before.

Vegetarian meal ideas

Below are some meal ideas to help get you started? Again, be sure to include a variety of foods in your eating plan.

• Breakfast: Whole-grain cereal and skim/1% fat or milk alternatives; whole-grain toast; bagels; English muffins; pancakes and waffles; fruit; eggs and egg substitutes; nonfat Greek yogurt; regular/low-fat cheeses; peanut and nut butter; tofu “cream cheese”; vegetarian/plant-based proteins “bacon” and “sausage”.
• Lunch/Supper: grilled cheese sandwich; hummus and vegetable sandwich; peanut butter and jelly sandwich; minestrone, bean, split pea and lentil soups; vegetable pizza; rice and beans; bean and vegetable burritos bowls; macaroni and cheese; vegetarian lasagna; stir-fry vegetables and tofu; “veggie/plant-based” burgers; vegetarian-style chili

Note: Many vegetarian and planted-based frozen products are not necessarily healthy choices. Some of the products can be high in calories and fat. Always read the nutrition facts to make sure the item is appropriate for your goals. 

Resources:

The Vegetarian Resource Group - https://www.vrg.org/
Eating Vegetarian - https://www.nutrition.gov/topics/basic-nutrition/eating-vegetarian
Vegetarian Times - https://www.vegetariantimes.com
Mark Bittman - https://www.markbittman.com/
PBS, Jazzy Vegetarian Cooking Show - http://www.pbs.org/food/shows/jazzy-vegetarian/
Forks over Knives - https://www.forksoverknives.com/
The Plant-Based Network - https://plantbasednetwork.com

Although this content is reviewed by Joslin Diabetes Center healthcare professionals, it is not intended to replace the medical advice of your doctor or healthcare provider. Please consult your healthcare provider for advice about a specific medical condition.

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Have a great week, everyone, and thank you for your support!

Blessed be… and happy cooking!

                                                            Chef Michael R